In a discussion session at the Indonesian Pavilion at the COP28, being held in Dubai, UAE, from November 30 to December 12, 2023, Widyawati explained that Indonesia faces an energy trilemma with three main issues: energy security, equality, and sustainability.
To deal with these three issues, she noted, Pertamina has developed three comprehensive strategic initiatives, namely, decarbonization of the company's operations (scope 1), building new low-carbon businesses (scope 2), and implementing a carbon offset program (scope 3).
As a developing country, Indonesia targets stable economic growth where energy catalyzes economic growth, she said.
Therefore, as a state-owned enterprise (BUMN), she said Pertamina places energy security as a top priority.
"However, we also have to manage the balance for energy equality, which includes energy accessibility and affordability, and energy sustainability in reducing carbon emissions in our operations, both for scopes one, two, and three," Widyawati said.
Indonesia not ready to switch all fossil fuels to renewable energy. Because it will endanger the national energy security, she said.
Therefore, Pertamina has develop strategies for managing sustainability while maintaining energy security and strengthening energy equality.
First, Pertamina must maintain its primary business, oil and gas, because the Indonesian government aims to increase upstream oil and gas production from 700,000 barrels per day to 1 million barrels per day in 2030.
But this is done using a green operation method, she said.
Regarding this, Widyawati said Pertamina is carrying out three strategies, namely energy efficiency because it is essential and more manageable to reduce emissions.
"So, the contribution is around 39 percent to reducing emissions. That is why we focus on energy efficiency in our operations: upstream, processing, and downstream," Widyawati said.
Next is methane reduction. Methane has the ability and capacity to destroy the environment, which is worse than CO2 emissions.
That is why the target is a 7.6 percent reduction in methane and carbon emissions (CO2) by 5.5% and a flare reduction and its utilization by 16.7 percent, she said.
From these three initiatives until last year, Pertamina successfully reduced 31 percent of emissions in its internal operations.
The second strategy is to increase the development of low-carbon products by producing biofuels. Indonesia is the eighth-largest country that has forests. So, Indonesia can produce biofuel.
"With the 35 percent biodiesel (B35) program last year, we reduced around 32 million tons of CO2 per year. And we will add more B35 now and next year, the 40 percent biodiesel (B40).
"Even in our new national energy policy, the target is up to 60 percent biodiesel (B60)," Widyawati said.
Pertamina also has a bio gasoline program that mixes bioethanol from sugar cane, corn, and cassava into gasoline.
Pertamina will start with a bioethanol blending level of 5 percent (E5), and in the Indonesian National Energy Policy, it will gradually increase to a bioethanol blending level of 40 percent (E40). Regarding this biofuel, Pertamina has just launched sustainable jet fuel (Sustainable Efficient Fuel), which is mixed with crude palm oil (CPO).
"So, this program is the best option for Indonesia. There are three main benefits. First, we can reduce fuel imports through biofuel. Second, we can reduce emissions. And the third is creating jobs in upstream sectors," Widyawati said.
Next, the third initiative is carbon offsetting. Even though there are still fossil fuels and coal-fired power plants, Pertamina must reduce emissions through carbon capture, utilization, storage, and nature-based solutions (NBS).
She said the current capacity to absorb emissions from the global environment is up to 15 percent.
In carrying out these various initiatives, she said, Pertamina faces four challenges. The first is the regulatory framework to accelerate the development of renewable energy.
The second challenge is related to technology, as Indonesia needs technology for all its abundant natural resources that can be used to produce energy.
The next challenge is financial because Indonesia needs funding, especially for the initial stages of research and development.
The fourth challenge is building capabilities and capacity.
"We believe that we need global collaboration on how we can overcome this challenge, especially support from governments," Widyawati said.
Meanwhile, the Director General of Electricity at the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, Jisman P Hutajulu, invited all stakeholders to encourage the energy transition by utilizing New, Renewable Energy.
"The development of EBT in this energy transition is for the long term," Jisman said on the sideline of a discussion themed "Increasing Ambitions in Renewable Energy Targets for NDC Acceleration" on Thursday (Nov 30).
As a leading company in the energy transition sector, Pertamina is committed to supporting the 2060 Net Zero Emission target by continuing to encourage programs that directly impact the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
These efforts align with implementing Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) in all Pertamina business lines and operations.
Media Contact:
PERTAMINA
Fadjar Djoko Santoso
Vice President Corporate Communication
PT Pertamina (Persero)
M. : +62 813-2063-0765
E. : fadjar.santoso@pertamina.com
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Reporter: Azis Kurmala
Editor: Rahmad Nasution
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