The car was packed with explosives and parked on the main airport road. It went off as vehicles of the paramilitary Frontier Corps passed by, senior police officer Malik Arshad told AFP.
"The blast destroyed two military vehicles and killed two soldiers, and wounded around 10 others, mostly civilians," he said.
Police and security forces are frequently attacked in the insurgency-plagued Baluchistan province, of which Quetta is the capital.
Last week, senior police official Shah Nawaz Khan was assassinated in Quetta in a drive-by shooting claimed by Al-Qaeda-linked militant group Lashkar-e-Jhangvi.
LJ has orchestrated violent attacks on Muslim minority Shiites, and other police officials in Baluchistan say they have been threatened by the group.
Separatist Baluch rebels have been fighting since 2004, demanding political autonomy and a greater share of profits from oil, gas and mineral resources in the poverty-stricken region. (*)
Editor: Kunto Wibisono
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