Gynecological ultrasound using the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA) score is currently able to predict the type of cyst quite wellPadang (ANTARA) - Dr. Syamel M SpOG K.Onk, Obstetrics and Gynecology Specialist and Consultant Oncology at Semen Padang Hospital, reminded women to be aware of ovarian cysts, which pose a risk to women of all ages.
"Ovarian cysts can be experienced by all women from very young ages to old age. Therefore, every woman should do a thorough examination to find ovarian cysts in their body, he said on Tuesday.
Ovarian cysts are one of the health issues affecting women's reproductive organs that can be life threatening if not treated early, and are tumors that develop inside a woman's ovary filled with fluid, he added.
An ovarian cyst is considered abnormal if its size exceeds 4 centimeters. These abnormalities can be benign but can also be malignant, when it is known as ovarian cancer, he noted.
Based on World Health Organization (WHO) data, 234,000 women worldwide have been diagnosed with ovarian cysts, with a fatality rate of 53.40 per cent.
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Based on the Indonesian Health Demography survey, the incidence of ovarian cysts in Indonesia has reached 37.2 percent or 23,400 people, with 13,900 deaths.
Syamel stressed that every type of cyst will have a different incidence depending on age. At under 25 years old and more than 45 years old, as well as after menopause, cysts are more commonly caused by malignancy, he added
"Cysts that are experienced more by the productive age group are more often associated with benign disorders," he further said.
Symptoms of ovarian cysts can vary depending on the type of cyst, its size and its relationship to other organs of the body.
When their size is small and not attached to other organs, ovarian cysts may not cause symptoms. However, in general, symptoms that appear in patients with this disease include swelling, pain during menstruation, disorders of the bladder and bowel disorders.
Every type of cyst has a different effect. Benign cysts can cause symptoms, such as menstrual pain, and make it difficult for sufferers to become pregnant.
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Malignant cysts are often found in the under 25-year old age group or perimenopausal age above 45 years and can become solid.
Before determining the diagnosis, the doctor will usually starting by asking about symptoms then conduct a thorough gynecological examination of the patient to predict the type of cyst, so the therapy given is appropriate. A type of examinations that can be done by a doctor is an ultrasound examination (ultrasonography).
"Gynecological ultrasound using the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA) score is currently able to predict the type of cyst quite well," Syamel affirmed, adding that benign ovarian cysts do not have a stage.
Staging is used in malignant ovarian cysts where the progression and course of the disease will depend on the condition of the patient.
"What we can suggest is if symptoms are experienced, the patient should immediately conduct a thorough examination, as each ovarian cyst has a specific nature and treatment really depends on the type of cyst," he said in conclusion.
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Translator: Ikhwan Wahyudi, Katriana
Editor: Fardah Assegaf
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